清末地方自治与士绅的社会政治参与及其限度——以温州为中心的讨论

Regional Autonomy in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Social-political Participation of Gentries with Its limitation——A Wenzhou-centered Discussion

随着清末地方自治的推行,地方士绅得以利用各类自治性机构和地方自治所赋予的合法地位,获得较之以前更大的社会政治参与空间,并在办理各项地方性事务的过程中获得更多的自由度。然而,在“官治”与“自治”“绅治”,即国家权力与地方社会的接触与对话中,国家权力无疑占据着话语主体地位,而地方士绅虽然在地方自治进程中获得较大的社会政治参与空间,但其权力的扩张又是有限度的。

With the implementation of the regional autonomy in the late Qing Dynasty,the local gentries acquired more space for social-political participation than before by means of all kinds of autonomous institutions and the legal status given by the local autonomy.Meanwhile,they gained even more degree of freedom in the process of handling various local affairs.In the dialogue between“official autonomy”and“self-autonomy”or“gentry-autonomy”,that is,in the contact and dialogue of the state power and the local society,however,the former definitely played the dominant role beyond doubt.During the course of regional autonomy,the local gentries win the greater spaces to participate in the social-political activities,but the extension of their powers is somewhat limited.