公共卫生伦理认知偏差的路径建构与治理方向探讨

Discussion on Path Construction and Governance Direction of Cognitive Bias of Public Health Ethics

公共卫生是覆盖全人群健康的社会活动,既要着眼于科学研究,又要立足于社会实践,而公共卫生伦理则用以规范公共卫生从业人员的科研与实践活动。在宏观环境与组织环境的影响下,从业人员对公共卫生伦理的认知影响着其公共卫生科研与实践中的决策与行为,因此以"环境与个人特征-认知偏差的形成-对决策与行为的影响"为逻辑框架,详细构建并阐释公共卫生伦理认知偏差的路径。最后,以相关变量的可干预程度、基于信息学视角的认知偏差形成过程为基础,提出公共卫生伦理价值的组织制度重建、教育与宣传、制定规范化可操作文件等公共卫生伦理认知偏差的治理方向。

Public health is a social activity that covers the whole population. It should not only focus on scientific research, but also on social practice. Public health ethics is used to regulate the scientific research and practice activities of public health practitioners.Under the influence of macro environment and organizational environment, employees’ cognition of public health ethics affects their decision-making and behavior in public health research and practice. Therefore, taking "environment and personal characteristics-formation of cognitive bias-impact on decision-making and behavior" as the logical framework, this paper constructed and explained the path of cognitive bias of public health ethics in detail.Finally, based on the intervention degree of relevant variables and the formation process of cognitive bias from the perspective of Informatics, this paper put forward the governance direction of cognitive bias of public health ethics, such as the reconstruction of organizational system, education and publicity, and the formulation of standardized operational documents.