2018年辽宁省大连市奶牛副结核病血清流行率调查

Investigation on Sero-prevalence of Cow Para-tuberculosis in Dalian City of Liaoning Province in 2018

本研究对大连市全部11个奶牛场开展抽样调查,通过设计两阶段随机抽样方案并结合问卷调查,初步了解了大连市奶牛场副结核病流行状况以及奶牛场从业人员对副结核病防控知识的掌握情况和行为特点。研究结果显示,大连市奶牛场副结核病平均个体血清流行率为17.23%(95%CI:15.99%~18.74%),场群真实流行率为100%;年龄、胎次是奶牛副结核病重要的风险因素;奶牛副结核病是导致大连市奶牛腹泻的主要原因之一;大连市奶牛场从业人员对副结核病的认知程度有限,部分规模场对本病认识不足,导致部分防控措施落实不到位。研究结果提示,大连市需重视对奶牛副结核病的防控,采取综合防控措施,阻止本病的继续蔓延并在有条件的场户开展净化;各奶牛场应严格做好生物安全工作,在引进奶牛时严格检疫,防止引进阳性牛、隐性感染牛;兽医部门应该加强科普宣传,增强奶牛场工作人员对副结核病的判断力,提高其防范副结核病的能力。

In this study,all the 11 dairy farms in Dalian City were sampled and investigated,and the prevalence of para-tuberculosis,practitioners'knowledge and behaviors for control of the disease were preliminarily identified through two-stage random sampling plan and questionnaire survey.The results showed that the average individual serological prevalence of para-tuberculosis was 17.23%(95%CI:15.99%–18.74%),and the true prevalence at the farm/herd level was 100%;the risk factors of such infection included age and calving number;cow paratuberculosis was one of the main causes of diarrhea;and some control measures could not be put in place due to lack of relevant knowledge and awareness in some scaled farms.Therefore,it was suggested that the disease should be controlled as a top priority by series of comprehensive measures to prevent any further spreading,some purification measures could be carried out in some conditional farms/households;bio-safety measures should be carried out by all farms,all introduced cows should be strictly quarantined to avoid any positive cases or suppressive infection;also,popularization and publicity should be strengthened by veterinary departments to enhance workers'judgment on the disease in the farms and to improve their ability to prevent the disease.