PTEN基因与肿瘤相关性的研究进展

Research progress on the correlation between PTEN gene and tumors

抑癌基因PTEN具有双重特异性磷酸酶活性,在多个系统的肿瘤中表达减低或缺失。基因突变、杂合性缺失、启动子甲基化等可致其表达减低,进而通过相关的信号转导通路影响肿瘤的细胞周期、侵袭和转移。乳腺、甲状腺、妇科以及消化系统等肿瘤中PTEN基因表达减低或缺失与肿瘤的恶性程度有关,导致其表达减低或缺失的机制以及信号转导通路的作用不尽相同。本文就PTEN基因与不同肿瘤相关性的研究进展作一综述。

The tumor suppressor PTEN gene possesses a dual specific phosphatase activity,and its expression is decreased or absent in many tumors.The abnormality of PTEN,including mutation,loss of heterozygosity and methylation of promoter,can cause its expression to decrease,and then affect the cell cycle,invasion and metastasis of tumors through related signal transduction pathways.The reduction or deletion of PTEN gene expression in tumors such as breast,thyroid,gynecology,digestive system is associated with the malignancy of the tumors in different systems,and the related mechanisms and signal transduction pathways that lead to the abnormality of PTEN are various in different tumors.This article reviews the recent research progress on the correlation between PTEN gene and different tumors.