石油污染海岸线景观生态修复设计研究——以青岛市黄岛区石油爆炸污染区域为例

Ecological Restoration Design of Shoreline Landscape Polluted by Oil——Taking the Oil Pollution Area in Huangdao District, Qingdao City as a Case

以青岛“11.22”石油爆炸点生态修复作为设计背景,选址在青岛大石头海上漏油口附近,现为海边闲置的污染地,急需生态恢复建设。以生态环境保护的景观修复手段,恢复爆炸影响区域的地表生态功能、土壤污染、地下水污染、大陆架生物群落以及海面原油的生态处理等。主要包含生物降解污染研究,结合青岛气候特点和海洋特性,将污染环境的石油生态恢复处理分为两部分:在土壤中的修复以根—菌共生体系为主,形成动物—植物—微生物生态链为噬油菌营造良好的生境,使其最大限度地降解油污;在近海地区借助景观生态修复装置,为噬油菌和有益的藻类提供良好的海草场生态环境,以此提高石油的降解速率,加快整个场地的生态恢复。结合新领域和新技术,创新研发新装置和互联网+概念,以最前沿的具有发展潜力方式解决石油爆炸点生态修复问题。

Taking the ecological restoration design of the"11.22"oil explosion site in Qingdao as background,choosing Dashitou,Qingdao City as the design site,near which oil spilled at sea and which is now a polluted land lying idle by the sea,which needs ecological restoration very urgently,with the landscape restoration means of ecological environment protection this paper puts forwards the ways to restore the surface service function of the explosion affected area,remove soil pollution and groundwater pollution,and deal with the continental shelf biome and sea crude oil ecologically.Mainly involving biodegradation pollution,this paper,in view of the climatic and oceanic characteristics of Qingdao,divides the ecological restoration of oil-polluted environment into two parts:The ecological restoration of polluted soil adopts the root-bacterium symbiosis system as main means to form an animal-plant-microorganism ecological chain so as to create a good living environment for oil-eating bacteria so that it could degrade oil pollution to the maximum extent;and the ecological restoration of offshore area mainly adopts the landscape ecological restoration device,which could provide oil-eating bacteria and useful algae with a good ecological environment of sea grassland to increase the degration rate of petroleum and speed up the ecological restoration of the whole site.The aim of this paper is solve the problem of ecological restoration of oil explosion sites in a forefront and potential way.