基于表面微观结构对采棉机摘锭浸润特性的研究

Study on Water Storage Characteristics of Picking Machines Based on Surface Microstructure

新疆是我国最大的棉花生产基地,2018年其棉花总产量为511.1万吨,占全国棉花总产量的83.8%,连续24年来新疆棉花的产量、商品调拨量位居全国第一[1-2]。随着采棉机的发展,机械化采摘已成为棉花采摘的有效方法和重要途径,新疆兵团部分团场已实现100%机械化采收,整体达到85%以上。摘锭是水平式采棉机的关键零件,在工作时其表面易粘附硬质颗粒,与硬质棉秆接触导致磨损严重,降低使用寿命,影响采棉效率和采净率[3]。针对以上问题,本文提出一种新的提升采棉品质、降低磨损的摘锭结构:在摘锭表面加工出沟槽,改善摘锭的浸润特性,使水能够在其表面形成一层薄膜。阻止棉花和摘锭之间直接接触,降低摘锭磨损,提高使用寿命。

Xinjiang is China's largest cotton production base.In 2018,its total cotton output was 5.11 million tons,accounting for 83.8%of the country's total cotton production.For the 24th consecutive year,Xinjiang's cotton production and commodity allocation ranked first in the country[1-2].With the development of cotton pickers,mechanized picking has become an effective method and an important way for cotton picking.Some of the Xinjiang Corps have achieved 100%mechanized harvesting,which is more than 85%.The ingot is the key part of the horizontal cotton picker.When working,the surface is easy to adhere to hard particles.The contact with the hard cotton stalk leads to serious wear and tear,which reduces the service life and affects the cotton picking efficiency and the picking rate[3].In view of the above problems,this paper proposes a new ingot structure that improves the quality of cotton picking and reduces wear:grooves are formed on the surface of the ingot to improve the infiltration characteristics of the ingot,so that water can form a film on the surface.Prevent direct contact between cotton and the ingot,reduce the wear of the spindle and increase the service life.