公共管网合同节水量参与水权交易的模式研究

Watertrading mode for amounts of contract water-saving management of public network

从取水方式、水权确权、用水经费、用水计量等角度分析了公共供水管网内用水户的用水特点,认为开展水权确权是公共管网合同节水量参与水权交易的前置条件,提出"先节水后交易"与"先预售后节水"两种交易模式,并根据有无供水公司参与将每种交易模式细分为收储直销与委托代销两种类型,确立了合同节水量认定与合同节水量流转是水权交易监管与风险管控的重点环节。通过建立节水量第三方评估机制与水权交易可行性论证制度能够有效降低风险,避免水权交易负外部性的发生。

The features of water users in the public network are analyzed from the aspects of water-supply method,water right registration,water fee source and water monitoring. The water right registration is the precondition for water amounts of contract water-saving management of public network. The water trading modes of"Water-saving before transaction"and"Payment before water-saving"are proposed. They both include direct sale and commission sale according to the participation of water-supply corporations. The affirmation and transaction of amounts for contract water-saving management are identified as the key elements for trading regulation and risk control. The third-party evaluation mechanism and water trading feasibility demonstration are the effective measures to reduce risks and to avoid negative externality of water trading.