微电网需求响应策略的连续时间序列仿真

Demand Response Strategy for Microgrid Based on Continuous Time Series Simulation

近年来,需求响应作为负荷控制的一种重要手段在国内外得到了广泛的应用,但目前针对需求响应策略尚缺乏精细化的建模和仿真评估。为了更好地评估需求响应策略对电网负荷的影响,本文利用GridLAB-D软件对微电网进行了精细化建模。模型分别对微电网拓扑、分布式电源、居民负荷和电力市场模块进行了详细建模,其中居民负荷采用ZIP模型和基于热力学传导的空调、热水器模型的组合,电力市场模块通过价格信号实现需求响应控制。最后,通过连续时间序列的算例仿真验证了需求响应策略削峰填谷的作用,同时也发现实时电价的电价波动可能会带来负荷较大的波动的情况。

In recent years,demand response has been widely used in China and other countries as an important means of load control.However,there is no precise modeling or simulation evaluation on the demand response strategy at present.To better evaluate the impact of demand response strategy on grid load,software GridLAB-D is used in this paper to refine the microgrid modeling.The modules of microgrid topology,distributed generation,residential load,and electricity market are modeled in detail,respectively,among which the combination of ZIP model and the model of air conditioning and water heater is adopted for the residential load based on the thermodynamic conduction,and the demand response control of electricity market module is realized through price signals.Finally,the effect of demand response strategy on peak load shifting is verified by simulations based on a numerical example of continuous time series;meanwhile,it is also found that the volatility of real-time electricity price may lead to large load fluctuations.