医学伦理学的新视角:身体伦理学

A New Perspective of Medical Ethics: The Body Ethics

生命伦理学没有走出笛卡尔普遍理性原则的窠臼,失察于身体的伦理意义;生命伦理学的原则在伦理实践遭遇着失能、失效、失范的局面。医学伦理学强于普适伦理法则的颁行,弱于对身体感受和情境事件的回应;身体伦理学以身体哲学为理论基础,强调理论与实践的具身性,强调关注患者的整体性身体,强调身体感受。身体伦理学作为具象叙事、多线性叙事显现出不可或缺的价值和意义。身体的本体性存在是身体伦理学的基本观点,身体间性的伦理关系是身体伦理学的重要话题。身体伦理学具有以身体为本体选择、以患者感受为话语方式和以身体现象学为方法学进路等特征。

Bioethics has not gone out of the pattern of Descartes'general rational principle,and fails to recognize the ethical significance of the body.The principles of bioethics are confronted with the situation of failure,invalidation and anomie in ethical practice.Medical ethics is stronger than the enactment of universal ethical principles,and weaker than the response to physical feelings and situational events.The body ethics based on the body philosophy,which emphasizes the embodiment of theory and practice,pays attention to the whole body of patients,and emphasizes physical feelings.Body ethics shows its indispensable value and significance as concrete narration and multi-linear narration.The ontological existence of the body is the basic viewpoint of body ethics and the ethical relationship between bodies is an important topic of body ethics.Body ethics has the characteristics of choosing body as noumenon,taking patient's feeling as discourse mode and taking body phenomenology as methodological approach.