植物寄生线虫效应子研究进展

Advances in research of effectors secreted by plant-parasitic nematodes

植物寄生线虫是一类专性活体寄生物,每年给全世界农业生产造成极大的损失,其中根结线虫和孢囊线虫分布广、为害重,是最具经济重要性的2大类群。植物寄生线虫诱导植物细胞转化为特异性的取食位点,从中摄取营养以维持线虫的发育和繁殖,效应子被认为在线虫建立和维持寄生过程中发挥着重要的作用。本文从分泌器官、降解和修饰细胞壁、建立取食位点、抑制植物防卫反应以及激活植物免疫系统等方面介绍了植物寄生线虫效应子的相关研究进展,同时讨论了当前研究中存在的问题并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

Plant-parasitic nematodes(PPN)are obligate parasites,and cause severe crop losses annually throughout the world. The root-knot nematodes(Meloidogyne spp.)and cyst nematodes(Heterodera spp. and Globodera spp.)are among the most economically important groups with wide distribution and serious damage. PPN induce the transformation of plant cells into highly specialized feeding sites from which they absorb nutrients to maintain their development and reproduction. The effectors secreted by PPN are thought to play important roles in the process of initializing infection and sustaining parasitism. In this review,we summarized the progress in research of PPN effectors involving in secretion organs,degradation and modification of plant cell walls,establishment of feeding sites,inhibition of plant defense responses,and activation of plant immune systems. Meanwhile,the challenging in the current research of PPN effectors and the future research interests were also discussed.