针对混合石油烃污染土壤快速修复方法的比较研究与应用

Comparative study and application of accelerating remediation methods for mixed petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils

针对混合石油烃类物质污染场地的土壤,以快速修复为目的,采用浸泡提取和超声提取两种方法,对提取溶剂、提取时间、固液比、提取次数等因素对石油烃提取率的影响、土壤处理前后的变化与植株种植情况进行研究。结果表明,选用石油醚提取土壤中的石油烃类物质时,浸泡提取在固液比为1∶5 g/mL、提取时间为12 h、提取次数为1次的条件下,石油烃提取率达95.25%;超声提取在超声功率为40 kHz、固液比为1∶5 g/mL、提取时间为20 min、提取次数为2次的条件下,石油烃提取率达96.85%;利用溶剂提取法将不同程度的造成土壤中的原始有机质损失,但对短期内种植植株而言,该法仍具有修复作用。

For the purpose of rapid repair of soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons,two methods of soaking extraction and ultrasonic extraction were used to compare the effects of extraction solvent,extraction time,solid-liquid ratio and extraction times on petroleum hydrocarbon extraction rate and changes before and after soil treatment and their planting.The results showed that the petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil were extracted by petroleum ether,and the soaking extraction rate of petroleum hydrocarbons reached 95.25% under the condition of solid-liquid ratio 1∶5 g/mL,extraction time 12 h and extraction times of 1 time.Under the condition of ultrasonic power of 40 kHz,solid-liquid ratio of 1∶5 g/mL,extraction time of 20 min and extraction times of 2 times,the petroleum hydrocarbon extraction rate reached 96.85%.Solvent extraction methods will be caused to reduce soil organic content,but the method still has a repairing effect on the plant quality in the short term.