比较视野下的我国法医毒物鉴定质量控制

Quality Control in Forensic Toxicology in China from a Comparative Perspective

目前法医毒物鉴定质量控制的规范性文件和关注焦点仍然局限于ISO/IEC 17025框架下普遍适用的要素、过程和结果的控制,尚不能涵盖专业领域的特定要求和关键内容。以美国、欧洲等发达国家和地区制定的法医毒物学专业领域的共性规则/标准为视角,分析我国法医毒物鉴定质量控制存在的盲区,提出专业领域应关注的重点环节和核心问题,如毒物定性确认基本规则、毒物系统分析的目标物范围和灵敏度要求、毒物鉴定方法验证等,探讨建立专业共性标准和指南性文件对于加强毒物鉴定质量控制的必要性和重要性。

Currently,the normative documents and focus of attention of quality control in forensic toxicology are still limited to the generally applicable elements,processes and results control under the framework of ISO/IEC 17025,which cannot cover the specific requirements and key contents of the professional field.The general rules/standards of the professional field of forensic toxicology in the United States,Europe and other developed countries and regions were introduced,and the blind area of quality control in forensic toxicology in our country were analyzed.The key links and core issues of the professional field were raised,such as identification criteria for qualitative confirmation in forensic toxicology,the target range and sensitivity requirements of systematic toxicological analysis,method validation in forensic toxicology,etc.The necessity and importance of establishing guidelines and professional common standards in forensic toxicology to strengthen the quality control in forensic toxicology were discussed.