异文化的追寻——江渊一公的美国教育人类学研究

The Pursuit of Different Culture: A Study of Educational Anthropology in America

美国的教育人类学在人类学确立独立专业地位这一背景下开始起步,阐释在其发展过程中形成的双重性格。江渊一公从美国教育人类学的发展史入手,将其发展历程分为三个时期。在此基础上,对小规模社会中的文化传递、少数民族教育以及微观学习过程等研究领域就文化与教育的关系进行了考察,并探讨了作为文化生态学的、结构功能主义的接近法和作为文化心理学接近法的研究方法与分析视角,为教育人类学的发展提供了有益的借鉴。

This article starts with the development history of American educational anthropology and divides its development process into three periods. Educational anthropology in America starts from the context of the establishment of anthropology as an independent and professional status, explaining the dual character formed in its development process. On this basis, the relationship between culture and education is examined in the research fields of cultural transmission, minority education and micro-learning process in small-scale society. It also discusses the research methods and perspective of the approach method of structural functionalism as cultural ecology and approach method as cultural psychology, which provides a useful reference for the development of educational anthropology.