中国海水养殖综合生产效率评估研究

On the overall efficiency of marine aquaculture in China

海水养殖是中国水产养殖业的重要组成部分,提高海水养殖综合生产效率是产业转型升级的重要方向。在构建海水养殖面积和养殖苗种综合性指标基础上,利用规模报酬可变(VRS)的DEA模型对2018年沿海10个省份海水养殖综合生产效率进行了测算,研究结果为:海水养殖综合生产效率整体水平较好,均值达到0.952;与规模效率相比,纯技术效率对于综合效率的贡献更大;海水养殖综合生产效率测算结果高于平均水平的省份数量达到50%;在保持产出规模不变的情况下,河北、江苏、浙江和海南4个省份的投入要素规模具有一定的压缩空间。提出了优化海水养殖规模,提高海水养殖技术水平,建立资源绿色应用机制等建议,以进一步提高海水养殖综合生产效率。

Marine aquaculture is an important part of aquaculture industry in China,and improving the overall efficiency of marine aquaculture is an important direction for industrial transformation and upgrading.Based on the comprehensive index of marine aquaculture area and cultured seedlings,the VRS DEA model was used to calculate the overall efficiency of marine aquaculture in 10 provinces in 2018.The results were as follows:the overall efficiency of marine aquaculture was 0.952 in average.Pure technical efficiency contributed more to overall efficiency than scale efficiency.50%of the provinces researched showed a higher overall efficiency than the average level of marine aquaculture.In the case of maintaining the same scale of output,the input factor scales of the four provinces of Hebei,Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Hainan had certain compression space.In order to further improve the overall efficiency of marine aquaculture,it is proposed to optimize the scale of marine aquaculture,improve the level of marine aquaculture technology,and establish a green application mechanism for resources.