技术专长、关系网络与创业机会识别

Technical Expertise,Relationship Networks and Entrepreneurial Opportunity Identification

在"大众创业,万众创新"的政策背景下,近年来我国掀起了一股创业热潮,由此,作为创业过程首要环节的创业机会识别成了一个热点研究领域。不同的创业者在创业机会识别过程中存在很大差异性。创业机会识别的内在过程与机理是什么?在个体创业当中,拥有关系网络的创业者与拥有一技之长的创业者相比,哪一种创业者更容易抓到机会?针对这些现实问题,文章建构了关系网络、技术专长对个体创业机会识别作用机制的理论模型。实证检验发现:关系网络、技术专长对个体创业机会识别有积极影响;创业警觉性在此过程中起中介作用;在识别创业机会的过程中,市场关系网络的总效应作用最大,其次是技术专长,最后是社会关系网络。

Under the policy background of"Mass Entrepreneurship,Mass Innovation",China has set off an upsurge of entrepreneurship in recent years.Thus,the identification of entrepreneurial opportunities as the primary link in the entrepreneurial process has become a hot research field.Different entrepreneurs have great differences in the process of identifying entrepreneurial opportunities.What is the internal process and mechanism of entrepreneurial opportunity identification?In individual entrepreneurship,comparing entrepreneurs that have network connections with the entrepreneurs that have expertise,which kind of entrepreneurs are more likely to grasp the opportunity,as relational network versus technology expertise?In view of these practical problems,a theoretical model of the mechanism of relationship network and technological expertise in identifying individual entrepreneurship opportunities is constructed in the paper.Empirical tests show that firstly,technological expertise and relationship networks have a positive impact on identifying suitable entrepreneurial opportunities;secondly,vigilance plays a mediating role in this process;thirdly,in the process of identifying entrepreneurship opportunities,the total effect of market relationship network is the greatest,followed technical expertise,and finally social networks.