中日“历史问题”的过程性结构与“历史和解”可能的原理

The Process Structure of Sino-Japanese Historical Issues and Possible Principles of Historical Reconciliation

随着强征劳工受害诉讼案在韩国进入实质性司法阶段,东亚地区清算日本侵略战争和殖民统治责任运动到了决定性转折期。中韩同是受日本帝国主义伤害过的国家,邦交正常化以后的中日关系更饱受“历史问题”周期性发作之苦,中国对日外交似乎也到了考虑设置解决“历史问题”议程的重要关头。通过研究邦交正常化过程和“历史问题”发展史可知,《中日联合声明》中日本的“反省”修辞遮蔽了谈判时对侵略加害历史做出口头谢罪的事实,“密约构造”导致日本侵略战争责任的暧昧化并演变为中日间围绕“教科书事件”“参拜靖国神社事件”等的“历史问题”冲突。日本的有识之士在当时就曾提出战后处理的若干原则,或可为继续战后处理、实现中日“历史和解”提供启示。

The settling of Japan’s responsibility of the invasive war and colonial rule has come to a turning point,as the case of forced labor entered into judicial procedure in South Korea.China and South Korea are both victims of the wars inflicted by Japanese invaders,and Sino-Japanese relations has suffered from periodic deterioration ever since normalization due to historical issues.Therefore,to set a political agenda of the diplomatic settlement of historical issues seems to come to a critical point for China’s policy toward Japan.It can be discovered,throughout studying the process of normalization of China-Japan relations and the emergence of historical issues,that Japan’s expression of“regret”in the joint communique of Sino-Japanese relations covered the fact that Japan apologized for invasive history during the China-Japan negotiation,and the structure of“secret agreement”led to the ambiguity of Japan’s war responsibility,which evolved into historical issues such as history textbook issue and Yasukuni Shrine issue.Some Japanese at that time had given some advice and recommendation relating to principles of dealing with historical issues,which may provide some inspiration for the historical reconciliation between China and Japan.