新兴称谓语“X大哥/大姐”的立场站位、语用特点及形成动因

Sandpoint, Pragmatic Features and Forming Motivation of the New Appellation “X Old Brother /Old Sister”

新兴社会称谓语“X大哥、X大姐”作为典型的泛化社会称谓语,从亲属称谓转向社会称谓,一方面扩大了指称范围,另一方面也拉近了社会交际距离。语义色彩方面既亲切又不失礼貌,凸显称谓双方正向同盟关系,建构出与听话人一致性立场。语用方面,多限于非正式场合,能有效地调节交际双方亲密度关系,淡化男女性别、职业身份的等级差异,从而拉近交际距离。同时,这种语言集群效应与当下社会现象紧密相连,凸显语言变化与社会文化心理更替的节奏关系。

The emerging social term“X Big Brother,X Big Sister”as a typical generalized social appellation,from the kinship title to the social title,on the one hand expands the scope of the referee,on the other hand,it also closes the social communication distance.The semantic color is both friendly and polite,highlighting the positive relationship between the two sides and constructing a consistent position with the listener.In terms of pragmatics,it is mostly limited to informal occasions,which can effectively adjust the intimacy relationship between the two sides of the communication,dilute the difference in gender and professional identity,and thus narrow the communication distance.At the same time,this language clustering effect is closely related to the current social phenomenon,highlighting the rhythm relationship between language change and social cultural psychology.