牛粪和尿素对暗黑鳃金龟卵孵化及初孵幼虫存活的影响

Effects of cow dung and urea on egg hatchability and neonate survival of Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky

为明确牛粪和尿素对暗黑鳃金龟的卵孵化和初孵幼虫存活的影响,在分别添加牛粪和尿素的土壤中接入暗黑鳃金龟的卵及初孵幼虫,并依据田间施肥量分别设置了5个处理剂量,检查暗黑鳃金龟的卵孵化率和初孵幼虫存活率,测量幼虫体长和体重。结果表明,添加牛粪的土壤中暗黑鳃金龟的卵孵化率和初孵幼虫存活率均显著高于对照,在牛粪添加量为15 g/kg时,幼虫的体长和体重均达到最大值。添加尿素的土壤中暗黑鳃金龟的卵孵化率及初孵幼虫存活率显著低于对照,且随着尿素用量的增加,卵孵化率和初孵幼虫存活率呈下降趋势。说明两种肥料对暗黑鳃金龟的卵孵化率和初孵幼虫存活率影响显著,在田间施肥应注意施肥种类及施用量对暗黑鳃金龟种群数量的影响,该结果为通过合理施肥保障农业生产,防治地下害虫提供了依据。

In order to clarify the effects of cow dung and urea on the hatching of eggs and the survival of neonate of Holotrichia parallela.In this study,the eggs and neonate of H.parallela were treated with the soils containing cow dung and urea separately,and 5 gradients were set according to the amount of fertilizer applied in the field.Then we investigate the hatching rate of eggs and the survival rate of neonate of H.parallela.The results showed that the hatching rate and the survival rate of neonate in the soil with cow dung were significantly higher than those of the contrast.When the addition of cow dung was 15 g/kg,the body length and weight of larvae reached the maximum value.And in the urea added soil,the hatching rate and the survival rate of neonate were significantly lower than that of the contrast.With the increase of urea dosage,the hatching rate of eggs and the survival rate of neonate show a downward trend.The two kinds of fertilizers had significant effects on the hatching rate and the survival rate of neonate.The effect of types and amount of fertilizer on the population size of H.parallela should be paid attention to in order to provide a basis for ensuring agricultural production and preventing soil pests through rational fertilization.