两种血培养瓶在昆明市某医院近5年艾滋病患者血流感染病原分析中的应用

Application of two kinds of blood culture ?ask in the analysis of blood stream infection of AIDS patients in a hospital in Kunming in recent 5 years

目的了解昆明某医院近5年住院艾滋病患者血流感染病原分布.对比两种血培养瓶对不同病原菌的检出情况.方法对2013-2017年住院艾滋病患者使用两种血培养瓶(普通血培养和分枝杆菌/真菌血培养)的培养结果进行回顾分析.结果普通血培养阳性率5.8%,病原菌前5位为马尔尼菲篮状菌、新生隐球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌.分枝杆菌/真菌血培养阳性率12.8%,病原菌前5位为分枝杆菌、马尔尼菲篮状菌、新生隐球菌、大肠埃希菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌.结论2013-2017年艾滋病患者血流感染病原菌以真菌为主,马尔尼菲篮状菌和新生隐球菌为真菌感染的主要菌种;应用分枝杆菌/真菌血培养瓶,分枝杆菌检出率4.8%,分枝杆菌是引起艾滋病患者血流感染仅次于真菌的病原菌,分枝杆菌引起的血流感染不容忽视;普通血培养瓶配合分枝杆菌/真菌血培养瓶的使用可以增加艾滋病患者血流感染病原菌检出机会.

Objective To investigate the pathogen distribution of blood stream infection among AIDS patients in Kunming hospital in recent 5 years.The detection of different pathogens in two blood culture flasks was compared.Methods The results of two blood culture vials(ordinary blood culture and mycobacterium/fungal blood culture)used in hospitalized AIDS patients from 2013 to 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The positive rate of ordinary blood culture was 5.8%;the top 5 pathogens were Talaromyces marneffei,Cryptococcus neoformans,coagulase negative Staphylococcus,Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.The positive rate of Mycobacterium/fungus blood culture was 12.8%,and the top 5 pathogens were Mycobacterium,marneffei,Cryptococcus neoformans,Escherichia coli and coagulase negative Staphylococcus.Conclusions From 2013 to 2017,the main pathogens of blood stream infection in AIDS patients were fungi,and and the main fungi were Talaromyces marneffei and Cryptococcus neoformans.The detection rate of Mycobacterium was 4.8%using Mycobacterium/fungus blood culture bottle.Mycobacterium was the second only pathogen causing blood stream infection in AIDS patients,and it could not be ignored.Ordinary blood culture flask combined with Mycobacterium/fungus blood culture flask can increase the detection of blood stream infection pathogens in AIDS patients.