中国教师专业伦理规范的早期探索

Early Exploration on Professional Ethics Code of Chinese Teachers

1929年美国教育协会发布教师专业伦理规范,中国学者出于解决当时师德颓废问题、促进教师专业化的目的,开始研究旨在约束全体教师的专业伦理规范。当时的中国教育学会推动了这项研究,出台了“全国教育专业道德规约”。这一时期的探索以模仿美国为主,采用自下而上的民主程序,订立有助于教师团体自律的底线行为准则,较为深入地讨论了教师专业的道德特色,实现了师德从个体要求向团体准则的转换。然而,这一时期的探索缺乏本土观照,教师专业伦理规范难以付诸实施。

After the American Education Association released the professional ethics code of teachers in 1929,the Chinese scholars began to study the professional ethics,aiming at constraining all teachers in order to solve the problem of teacher morality and degeneration at the time and promote the professionalization of teachers.The Chinese Education Society at that time launched this research and introduced the“National Ethics Code of Education Profession”.The exploration of this period is mainly based on the imitation of the United States,which adopts a bottom-up democratic procedure and establishes a bottom-line code of conduct for teachers self-discipline.Moreover,it discusses the moral characteristics of the teacher profession in depth and makes the transformation of teachers morality from individual requirement to community criterion possible.However,the exploration of this period lacks local perspectives,and teacher professional ethics code is difficult to be put into practice.