民俗医疗、医疗民俗与疾痛叙事研究述评——兼论建构医疗民俗学理论范式的可能性

A Review of the Research on Folk Medical Treatment, Medical Folk Custom and Narrative of Disease and Pain ——A Concurrent Discussion on the Possibility of Constructing Theoretical Paradigm of Medical Folklore

以医疗为议题的文化主义研究强调疾病和治疗的观念、方式是由特定社会文化建构的,民俗医疗与医疗民俗的研究同样不能脱离特定的社会文化语境。当代社会中,民俗医疗的现象丰富庞杂,因此需要把民俗医疗现象整合起来,研究现象的意义并解释医疗活动中民俗行为的规律,展开医疗民俗研究,并探讨建立一种医疗民俗学理论范式的可能性。

The research on culturism under the theme of medical treatment emphasizes that the concept and method of disease and treatment are constructed by specific social culture.Likewise,the research of folk medical treatment and medical folk custom can not be divorced from the specific social and cultural context.In the contemporary society,the phenomenon of folk medical treatment is varied and complicated,it is necessary to call for the integration of the folk medical treatment phenomenon,as well as the research of significance and medical folk custom which interprets the law of medical folk behavior in medical activities.Focusing on medical treatment,folk custom and folklore narration and through current relevant research,this paper reviews the theoretical cognition in this field,points out the research space of development,and discusses how to explore the path of cultural identity in folk medical behaviors and concepts.Indeed,it is possible to establish a theoretical paradigm of medical folklore,and the constructive narrative of disease and pain with patient subject is a feasible methodology of medical folklore research.