基于聚吡咯的导电聚合物驱动器的制备及驱动特性研究

Study on Fabrication Process and Actuating Performance of Conductive Polymer Actuator Based on Polypyrrole

利用电化学沉积法制备了聚吡咯(Polypyrrole,PPy)驱动器,考察了制备过程中沉积温度、电流密度、沉积时间等工艺参数对结构形貌和导电性的影响,发现当沉积温度在-25^-30℃之间、聚合时间10 h、电流密度为0.1 mA/cm^2时,得到的PPy薄膜均匀致密且导电性好。利用微型激光传感器、数据采集器、电化学工作站和测量显微镜等仪器搭建了驱动器位移测试平台,采用正交实验测试不同结构参数和工艺参数与偏转位移的依赖关系,从而得到聚吡咯驱动器的驱动特性:尖端偏转位移与驱动电压成正比;尖端偏转位移与驱动器长度及宽度有关,长度越长偏转位移越大,宽度越大偏转位移越大;并且从驱动性能的角度优化选择了工艺参数,为PPy驱动器的优化制备和实际应用提供了完整的参数模型。本研究可为PPy驱动器在人工肌肉、传感器和执行器及微纳操纵系统中的应用提供理论基础。

As a conductive polymer, polypyrrole(PPy) has many advantages such as non-toxic monomer, low cost and high conductivity. The conductive polymer actuator has low driving voltage and can be operated in water and air, and is widely used in biomedical equipment, bionic robots, sensors and some other fields. In this work, electrochemical deposition was adopted to deposit PPy membrane on PVDF polymer to construct conductive polymer actuators. The process parameters such as temperature and current density on the surface of PPy and actuating performance were optimized. It was found that the PPy films were uniform, compact and conductive when the deposition temperature was controlled between-25 and-30℃, the polymerization time was 10 h and the current density was 0.1 mA/cm^2. The displacement test platform of actuators was built by using micro laser sensor, data collector, electrochemical workstation and measuring microscope. Orthogonal experiments were carried out to investigate the actuating properties of PPy-based actuators, which showed that the tip displacement of actuators was proportional to their length and driving voltage;the wider actuators demonstrated increasing displacement. Furthermore, the process parameters were optimized from the angle of driving performance, which provided a complete parameter model for the optimal fabrication and practical application of PPy actuators. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of PPy-based actuators in artificial muscles, sensors and actuators, and micro-nano manipulation systems.