制造业投入服务化与出口产品质量升级——来自中国制造企业的微观证据

Input Servitization of Manufacturing Industry and Quality Upgrading of Export Products: Evidences from China’s Manufacturing Enterprises

文章将2007~2013年中国海关数据库与工业企业数据库进行匹配,结合世界投入产出(WIOD)数据库,测算出我国制造企业的出口产品质量以及行业投入服务化水平。实证结果表明:制造业投入服务化能够显著提升出口产品质量,作用效果因企业的贸易方式、所有制形式、技术密集度和地域分布等异质性特征而有所不同。通过构建中介效应模型,验证了以下假设:制造业投入服务化能够提升企业的生产效率和创新效率;全要素生产率和创新效率作为部分中介变量,能够传递制造业服务化对于出口产品质量升级的正向影响。通过进一步拓展分析得出结论:出口产品质量升级能够显著提升制造业的全球价值链地位,但也会因行业技术密集度不同产生而较大差异。

Through matching the data of China customs database and Chinese industrial enterprises database,this paper calculates the export products quality and the input servitization level of China’s manufacturing enterprises based on the world input-output database(WIOD).The empirical results show that the input servitization of manufacturing industry can significantly improve the quality of export products,and the effects vary with the heterogeneity of the enterprise’s trade mode,ownership form,technology intensity and geographical distribution.By constructing the mediating effect model,the following hypotheses are verified.Firstly,the input servitization of manufacturing industry can increase the production efficiency and innovation efficiency of the enterprises.Secondly,as the partial mediating variables,the total factor productivity and innovation efficiency can transmit the positive impact of the servitization of manufacturing industry on the quality upgrading of export products.Based on further extended analysis,the conclusion is drawn that the quality upgrading of export products can significantly enhance the GVC position and participation of manufacturing industry but it also varies greatly due to the different technology intensities of the industries.