摘要
新中国成立以来,养老保险制度经历了从无到有、试点推广、全民覆盖、城乡统筹等发展阶段。其演变遵循"制度建立-制度扩面-制度责权关系调整"的路径,制度结构由城乡分立到城乡统筹,保障对象面由保障劳动者到全民参保,制度模式由国家保障到社会保险,责任机制由个人责任缺位到多元主体责任分担。建设有中国特色的养老保险制度,遵循养老保险制度与经济体制改革协同发展的理念,采取试点先行、逐步推广的方式,是新中国70年养老保险制度变迁的三大重要经验,可用以指导新时代养老保险制度的发展。
Since the founding of New China, the pension insurance system has experienced development stages from scratch, pilot promotion, universal coverage, and urban-rural integration. The insurance system in New China follows the evolution path of "institutional establishment-system expansion-system adjustment of institutional responsibility". The institutional structure is from the separation of urban and rural areas to the overall planning of urban and rural areas, and the protection target is from safeguarding laborers to enrolling in the whole country. The system model is from state guarantee to social insurance, and responsibility mechanism from the absence of individual responsibility to the sharing of multiple subject responsibilities. Building an endowment insurance system with Chinese characteristics, following the concept of coordinated development of the pension insurance system and the economic system reform, adopting a pilot-first and gradual promotion method, is an important experience in the 70-year pension insurance system reform in New China.
作者
杨斌
YANG Bin(School of Marxism,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China;Theoretical System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics Research Center,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China)
出处
《经济体制改革》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第6期19-23,共5页
Reform of Economic System
基金
教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目“中国社会保障制度整合与体系完善研究”(13JZD019)
陕西省社会科学基金项目“陕西省城乡居民养老保险待遇调整的政府财政责任研究”(2016R034)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“中国共产党的民生思想研究”(300102169620)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
新中国70年
城镇企业职工养老保险
城乡居民养老保险
制度变迁
70 years of new China
endowment insurance for employees in urban enterprises
endowment insurance for urban and rural residents
institutional changes
