10世纪前在吐蕃的26个医学学派

The 26 native and foreign medical schools in Tibet before 10th Century

7-9世纪,数以百计的欧亚各地医生来吐蕃弘传医学,数以千卷计的医著被译成了吐蕃文(古藏文),今天所说的藏医学体系的基本框架是在这个时期形成和定型的.通过研究吐蕃特医学文献,可以稽考出千年前雪域高原出现的26个医学学派.它们中包括吐蕃本部中央对治学派及吐蕃诸邦部如象雄、阿夏、木雅党项和门域诸学派("大蕃系统"),亦包括高度成熟的古印度各医学学派、华夏嘉纳学派、希腊学派、大食学派及有特殊医疗术的突厥学派等各地医学学派.学界通常所说的藏医学,即7-8世纪以来具有完整理论体系与医疗实践体系的吐蕃医学,正是吐蕃诸医疗传统与各外来医学某些成分有机熔铸而成的产物,也是当时吐蕃人"善学不回"、积极进取、勇于创造的时代民族精神的体现.

This paper referenced to a number of classic Tibetan medical works and some old Tibet-an sources to list 26 Tibetan Medical Schools in Tibet before 10 th century,that including the Tibetan Proper School(bod kyi lugs nad thar gso bar bye pa gnyen po bzhi ldan gyi rgyud),Ancient Zhang Zhung School(zhang zhung gi lugs nad thur du sbyong ba bshal gyi rgyud),Persian-Arabica School(ta zig gyi lugs),In-dian Vedic School(rgya gar gyi lugs la rig pa ye she),Turkic School(dru gu'i dpyad lcags kyi sur phug),Sinic School(rgya nag lugs la'khor'das rtsis kyi rgyud)and Greek School(khrom gyi lugs la chu dpy-ad zla ba bsil gyi rgyud)etc.