腐植酸肥料对夏玉米产量和氮素利用的影响

Effects of Humic Acid Fertilizer on Nitrogen Utilization and Yield of Summer Maize

以腐植酸尿素和腐植酸复合肥为材料,开展田间肥效试验,研究6种腐植酸肥料对玉米产量以及氮肥利用率的影响,以期为玉米施肥提质增效提供理论与实践依据,并为新型腐植酸尿素/复合肥肥料中添加剂的适宜用量提供数据支持。试验结果表明:与不添加腐植酸的普通尿素/复合肥对照相比,腐植酸尿素和腐植酸复合肥均能增加玉米产量,腐植酸尿素及腐植酸复合肥最大增产率分别为12.97%和11.74%;腐植酸肥料对玉米干物质量的累积也有一定促进作用,尤其是Ⅳ型腐植酸尿素处理和Ⅴ型腐植酸复合肥处理玉米的生物量分别比对照提高9.7%和10.8%;玉米氮吸收量和氮肥偏生产力随腐植酸添加量的不同而异,HA4处理和HA5处理玉米氮吸收量和氮肥偏生产力均较高。综上所述,腐植酸肥料能够增加玉米产量,提高氮肥肥效,且Ⅴ型腐植酸尿素、Ⅳ型腐植酸复合肥处理玉米生物量和氮肥利用率均较高,所以腐植酸在尿素中的最佳添加量为Ⅴ型,在复合肥中的最佳添加量为Ⅳ型。

With the humic acid urea and humic acid compound fertilizer as materials,a field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of six kinds of humic acid fertilizers on maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency,which was expected to provide theoretical and practical basis for improving the quality and efficiency of maize fertilization,and provide data support for the appropriate amount of additives in the new type of humic acid urea/compound fertilizers.The results showed that compared with the control of urea/compound fertilizer without humic acid,the humic acid urea and humic acid compound fertilizer could increase maize yield with the maximum increase rate as 12.97%and 11.74%respectively.Humic acid fertilizer could promote the accumulation of maize biomass,especially in the treatment of HA4 and HA5,the biomass of maize increased by 9.7%and 10.8%,respectively.The amount of nitrogen absorption and nitrogen partial productivities in maize varied with the amount of humic acid added,which were the highest in HA4 and HA5 treatments.In conclusion,humic acid fertilizer could increase maize yield and nitrogen fertilizer efficiency,andⅤ-type humic acid urea andⅣ-type humic acid compound fertilizer had higher maize biomass and nitrogen fertilizer efficiency.SoⅤtype was the optimal addition amount of humic acid in urea andⅣtype was the optimal addition amount of humic acid in compound fertilizer.