民国初年长沙地区中西医竞争态势——以《李辅燿日记》中的个体经验为中心

Competitive Situation of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Changsha in the Early Years of the Republic of China(1912-1949)——Take the individual experience in "Li Fuyao’s Diary" as an example

《李辅燿日记》蕴含丰富的民国初年长沙地区的医疗史料,通过对个体就医体验的详细书写,揭示以颜福庆、胡美为代表的西医与郑晓琼、王少梧等中医在医疗市场上的竞争图景。长沙地区中、西医的竞争在知识、观念及药物等各个方面展开,但病人选择中医还是西医进行治疗,最核心的评判标准仍是治疗效果。从李辅燿的个人治疗历程看,中医与西医的关系并非简单的此消彼长,而是长期缠绕、交替升降,有时甚至彼此共存。西医最终在与中医的竞争中显露优势,与其治疗效果更胜一筹有关,也与西药行业的配套体系胜过中医有关。然而,在个体的医学知识观念和体系中,中医的理念仍占据指导地位,西医更多充当体用之“用”的角色。

"Li Fuyao's Diary"contains rich medical historical materials in Changsha in the early years of the Republic of China(1912-1949).Through the detailed writing of individual medical experience,it reveals the competitive picture of western medicine represented by Yan Fuqing and Hu Mei and traditional Chinese medicine represented by Zheng Xiaoqiong and Wang Shaowu in the medical market.The competition between Chinese medicine and Western medicine in Changsha is carried out in various aspects such as knowledge,concept and medicine,but the core criterion for patients to choose traditional Chinese medicine or western medicine is still the therapeutic effect.From the course of Li Fu's personal treatment,the relationship between traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine is not a simple rise and fall,but a long-term entanglement,alternating ups and downs,and sometimes even coexist with each other.Western medicine finally shows its advantages in the competition with traditional Chinese medicine,which is related to its better therapeutic effect,and the matching system of western medicine industry is better than that of traditional Chinese medicine.However,in the individual medical concept,the concept of traditional Chinese medicine still occupies the guiding position,while western medicine plays more of the role of"using".