伏淡季水果果实内在品质综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Internal Quality in Off-Season Fruit

以重庆地区销售的本地、外调5类(桑葚、李、西瓜、草莓、猕猴桃)19种主要伏淡季水果为试材,对10项果实内在品质指标进行变异性及相关性分析,并通过因子分析法对指标进行降维、提取出特征根均大于1的公因子,建立伏淡季水果果实内在品质综合评价模型.结果表明:10项指标变异系数均较大(23.98%~243.12%),且提取出的3个公因子(风味因子、色素因子、功能因子)累计方差贡献率达78.292%,该评价方法可靠.经综合得分优选出本地"桑葚-四季果桑""桑葚-大十""草莓-随株""红心猕猴桃-红阳""绿肉猕猴桃-海沃德""李-青脆李""西瓜-早佳8424"等伏淡季水果品种,为重庆地区伏淡季水果产业科学发展提供理论依据.

In order to provide a scientific basis for the development of off-season fruit industry in Chongqing, an experiment was made, in which 19 locally produced and imported off-season fruits involving mulberry, plum, watermelon, strawberry and kiwifruit were used as the test materials. Ten indexes of their intrinsic quality were recorded and were used for variability and correlation analyses. Then factor analysis was used to reduce the dimension of the indexes and extract the common factors whose characteristic root was greater than one. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation model of internal quality in off-season fruit was established to assess the test materials. The results showed that the coefficients of variation(CV) of the 10 indexes were all relatively large(23.98%~243.12%), the add-up variance contribution rate of the three extracted common factors(flavor factor, pigment factor and function factor) was 78.292%, indicating that the evaluation method was reliable. According to their comprehensive scores, the local varieties of "Four-Seasons mulberry", "Dashi mulberry", "Suizhu strawberry", "Red-Sun Red-Heart kiwifruit", "Hayward Green-Fleshed kiwifruit", "Green-Crisp plum", and "Zaojia-8424 watermelon" were selected and recommended.