普通枇杷与野生枇杷总黄酮、总酚及抗氧化活性分析

Analysis of Total Flavonoids, Total Phenolics and Antioxidant Activities of Common Loquat and Wild Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) Genotypes

以5份普通枇杷(单优1号、单优2号、单优3号、湖南早熟和森尾早生)和3份野生枇杷(大渡河枇杷、栎叶枇杷和贵州2号)的叶片和花蕾为材料,分析其总黄酮、总酚质量分数及抗氧化活性,以期为枇杷资源的进一步开发利用提供参考资料.结果表明:1)湖南早熟叶片总黄酮质量分数最高,与其他品种差异有统计学意义;枇杷花蕾中,单优2号的黄酮质量分数高. 2)除栎叶枇杷外,花蕾总酚质量分数明显高于叶片,叶片中质量分数高的材料为栎叶枇杷和森尾早生,花蕾中总酚质量分数最高的材料为贵州2号;3)枇杷花蕾抗氧化活性高于叶片,总黄酮、总酚质量分数均与抗氧化活性呈正相关,但总酚质量分数与抗氧化活性的相关性更强.综上可得,在这些枇杷材料中,栎叶枇杷和森尾早生可作为叶片开发材料,贵州2号(花蕾)总酚质量分数和抗氧化活性最高可作为花蕾开发利用的材料.

In this study, the leaves and flower buds of five common loquat cultivars(Danyou 1, Danyou 2, Danyou 3, Hunanzaoshu and Senweizaosheng) and three wild varieties(Daduhe loquat, Liye loquat and Guizhou 2) were used to examine their total flavonoids, total phenolics and antioxidant activities so as to provide reference for further development of loquat resources. The results showed that total flavonoid content in the leaves of Hunanzaoshu was significantly higher than the other cultivars. In the flower buds, Danyou 2 had the highest total flavonoid content;that total phenolics were higher in flower buds than in leaves in all the genotypes studied, with the exception of Liye loquat, and Liye loquat and Senweizaosheng had high total phenolics in the leaves and Guizhou 2 had the highest total phenolics in the flower buds;and that antioxidant activity in flower buds was higher than that in leaves, total flavonoids and total phenolics were in significant positive correlation with antioxidant activity and the correlation between total phenolics and antioxidant activity was stronger than that between total flavonoids and antioxidant activity. In a word, among these loquat materials, the leaves of Liye loquat and Senweizaosheng can be developed and utilized and, due to its high total phenolics and antioxidant activity, Guizhou 2 can be used as materials for flower bud development.