论《楞严经》对《老子》诠释的影响

The Influence of Shurangama Sutra upon the Interpretation of Laozi

从南北朝起,佛教思想就提供了一个理解《老子》的新视野。晋唐时期,《老子》诠释主要受到般若中观学的影响。宋代以后,《楞严经》深受僧人、文人、道士喜爱,并深刻地影响了宋明时期的《老子》诠释。第一,佛教界依据《楞严经》如来藏缘起说来解说《老子》的宇宙论思想;第二,因缘与自然的冲突是隋唐佛道争论的焦点问题,宋代文人立足于《楞严经》"本非因缘,非自然性"的说法,来定位《老子》的自然思想;第三,当心性论成为学术思想的核心主题时,《楞严经》的心性思想、修行论深刻地影响到了苏辙、白玉蟾等人的《老子》诠释。《楞严经》与《老子》的互动,是宋明时期佛老关系的重要方面。

Since Southern and Northern dynasties,Buddhist ideas have offered a new perspective for the understanding of Laozi.In Jin and Tang dynasties,the interpretation of Laozi was influenced mainly by Prajna ideas.Since Song Dynasty,Shurangama Sutra became popular among monks,men of letter and Taoists,and began to greatly influence the interpretation of Lazi in Song and Ming dynasties.First,Buddhists,in accordance with the genesis of Tathāgata in Shurangama Sutra,interpreted the universal ideas in Laozi.Second,the conflict between karma and nature became focal subject of argument between Buddhists and Taoists in Sui and Tang dynasties.Base on the idea of "the essence is not karma,not natural" in Shurangama Sutra,men of letter in Song Dynasty defined the ideas of nature in Laozi.Third,when disposition ideas became the core theme of academic ideas,disposition ideas and cultivation theories in Shurangama Sutra had left great influence upon the interpretation of Laozi by Su Zhe,Bai Yuchan,et al.The interaction between Shurangama Sutra and Laozi is an important part of the relationship between Buddhism and Taoism in Song and Ming dynasties.