论兴而不盛的湖南近代蚕桑业

On Modern Sericulture Industry of Hunan Featuring Being Developing Not Thriving

适宜的地理气候条件、植桑养蚕的传统、政府"种桑之利不可挡"的倡导,以及蚕桑"关系农民生计甚巨"的比较利益驱动是湖南近代蚕桑兴起的重要原因。在实业救国的推动下,湖南蚕桑不仅生产规模有所扩大,而且产量也有所增加,甚至市场也从上海、江苏等地拓展至欧美。但最终由于植桑养蚕专业人才缺乏、技术落后和战乱的影响,以致湖南近代蚕桑呈现兴而不盛的局面,不仅未能取得普及植桑养蚕的效果,反而渐趋"衰退"。

Favorable geographical and climate conditions,the tradition of mulberry planting and sericulture,the governments’ advocacy of mulberry planting,and the driving force of comparative advantages of sericulture in peasants’ livelihood are the important reasons for the rise of sericulture in Hunan in modern times.Driven by the proposal of saving the country through the industry,Hunan sericulture not only expanded its production scale,but also increased its products,and even its market had expanded from Shanghai and Jiangsu to Europe and the United States.In the end,due to the lack of professionals for mulberry planting and sericulture,the backwardness of technology and the influence of wars,the modern sericulture in Hunan showed a situation of prevalence but not prosperity,which failed to achieve the effect of popularizing mulberry planting and sericulture,and instead gradually turned into "recession".