中国财税政策对企业R&D的影响效应——基于创业板高新技术企业的实证分析

The Effects of China’s Fiscal and Tax Policy on R&D in Enterprises:An Empirical Analysis of the High-tech Enterprise Based on GEM

以我国创业板高新技术企业为研究样本,实证分析财税政策对企业R&D活动的影响效应,研究表明税收优惠对企业R&D有显著的正向作用,能够有效激励企业增加研发投入,而政府补助的影响效果不显著。进一步研究发现,税收优惠对不同区域企业技术创新的影响存在较大差异,对东、中、西部地区企业R&D的激励效果依次递增,政府补助对西部地区高新技术企业的研发投入有一定的激励效应,却难以促进东部和中部地区高新技术企业的科技创新。基于此,提出建议兼顾税收优惠与政府补助的平衡性,着重依靠税收优惠扶持,结合地域特点制定有差别的税收优惠和政府补助政策。

In this paper, the effects of China’s fiscal and taxation policies on R&D activities of high-tech enterprises in GEM are analyzed, the research shows that tax preferences have significant positive effects on the R&D of the enterprises, and can effectively stimulate the enterprises to increase R&D investments, the effects of government subsidies are not significant. Further research has found that, there is a great difference in the effects of tax preference on the technological innovation of enterprises in different regions, and the incentive effects of R&D in the east, middle and western regions are increased in sequence, government subsidies have a certain incentive effects on the R&D investments of high-tech enterprises in the western region, but it is difficult to promote the scientific and technological innovation of high-tech enterprises in the eastern and central regions. Based on this, the paper puts forward some suggestions to take into account the balance between tax preferences and government subsidies, rely on the support of tax preferences, and formulate different tax preferences and government subsidies policy according to the regional characteristics.