云南省国定扶贫重点县脱贫政策效应研究

The Effect of Poverty Alleviation Policy in Yunnan Province

2000年以后,我国扶贫工作重点转移到中西部地区。云南是我国贫困重点县最多的省份,大多数位于滇西北少数民族集中的4个贫困片区,面临的脱贫问题比较复杂。近几年,国家对云南省重点贫困县展开精准扶贫,实施了一系列优惠减贫政策,为了测定减贫效果,通过收集1995—2017年作为处理组的73个贫困县与75个作为对照组的非贫困县的面板数据,运用双重差分模型研究了扶贫开发重点县的整体减贫效应。研究表明,我国扶贫政策显著促进云南省贫困重点县的经济发展,但在提高农村贫困人口收入方面并不理想。同时国定扶贫开发重点县政策效应存在滞后性,但随着扶贫重点县政策的逐年推进和国家扶贫战略的调整,政策效应预计会越来越明显。现阶段云南省的扶贫措施,不仅要注重短期脱贫,更要注重通过机制设计实现长期可持续脱贫。

After 2000,the focus of China s poverty alleviation work shift to the central and western regions.Yunnan is the province with the most poverty-stricken key counties which spans four linked areas along its northwest border.In recent years,the state has launched targeted poverty alleviation in key poverty-stricken counties in Yunnan province and implemented a series of preferential poverty reduction policies.By collecting country level panel data from 1995 to 2017 and using DID model,the research shows that China s poverty alleviation policy has significantly promoted the economic development of the poverty counties in Yunnan province,but the policy of the key counties is not ideal in improving the income of those poor population.At the same time,the policy effect has a serious lag,but with the policy of key counties advancing year by year and the adjustment of national poverty alleviation strategy,the policy effect of poverty alleviation and development of key counties becomes more and more obvious.At present,Yunnan province s poverty alleviation measures should not only focus on short-term poverty alleviation,but also on long-term poverty alleviation by mechanism construction.