皖江经济带湿地遥感现状调查及变化规律研究

Current status and change regularity of wetlands in the Wanjiang Economic Belt based on remote sensing study

利用MSS、ETM+、CBERS-2、BJ-2、02C和TH1多时相卫星遥感数据,分别提取1975年、2000年、2007年和2016年皖江经济带湿地现状及变化的遥感信息,研究皖江经济带湿地遥感现状及变化规律。结果表明:皖江经济带湿地类型主要为河流湿地、湖泊湿地、沼泽湿地和人工湿地,市县级地域湿地分布不均、类型不全;1975—2016年,人工湿地面积增加,增长率为55.32%;沼泽湿地面积减少,减少率为69.97%;湖泊湿地和河流湿地面积较稳定,增长率分别为1.80%和2.06%。湿地变化分两个阶段:第一阶段(1975—2007年),湿地面积总体增加,河流湿地、湖泊湿地和沼泽湿地面积减少,人工湿地面积增加;第二阶段(2007—2016年),湿地面积总体增加,但河流湿地和湖泊湿地面积增加,沼泽湿地面积继续减少,人工湿地面积继续增加,湿地面积增减受人类活动影响较大。

Based on multi-temporal satellite remote sensing data such as MSS,ETM,CHERS-2,BJ-2,02C and TH1,this paper extracted remote sensing information(1975,2000,2007 and 2016)of wetlands in the Wanjiang Economic Belt to understand the current status and change regularity of wetlands in this area.The results show that the wetland types of the Wanjiang Economic Belt are mainly river wetland,lake wetland,swamp wetland and artificial wetland,and their distribution and varieties vary unevenly in county-level areas.From 1975 to 2016,the artificial wetlands increased at a rate of 55.32%,whereas the swamp wetlands decreased with a reduction rate of 69.97%.The lake wetlands and river wetlands have relatively stable areas,with grwoth rates of 1.80%and 2.06%respectively.The wetland change can be divided into two stages.The first stage from 1975 to 2007 witnessed an increase of the total wetland area but a decease of river wetland,lake wetland and swamp wetland.The second stage from 2007 to 2016 experenced an incease of the total wetland area,especially river wetland and lake wetland,but a decrease of swamp wetlands.The artificial wetland area continues to increase,and therefore,increasing of wetland area is highly affected by human activities.