美学与阐释学：象征与寓意之间（英文）

Aesthetics and Hermeneutics: Between Symbol and Allegory

本文指出,西方传统中存在着与三种哲学立场遥相呼应的三种不同的艺术观念:其一是柏拉图-基督教学派传统思想中的观点,即艺术与真理紧密相联;第二种观点和现代性概念相照应,认为与真理有关的艺术是自主的;然后就艺术的超现代化形式而言,艺术和真理之间是存在着矛盾的。作者进一步论证,在这些对艺术和哲学不尽相同的阐释过程中,我们和传统之间的关系也在悄然变化,而阐释学的功能也随之转变为对既有传统的维护和传播。在文章的第一部分,作者首先陈述了其主要观点,亦即美学改变了阐释学,继而哲学本身。作者随后阐述了发祥于西方的三种不同的哲学思想以及它们对艺术的定义。作者同时也指出,传统是需要被维护的,但这并非意味着我们应对传统所包涵的“真理”不加质疑地全盘接受,而是如尼采所言,艺术通过遮蔽真理保护着我们的生命。作者于此处强调了柏拉图-基督教传统和希腊哲学传统之间的不和,并提示了经由区分象征和寓意两个概念融合二者的可能性。

In this article I argue that in the Western tradition there have appeared three different conceptions of art that correspond to three different philosophical positions:according to the first,the Platonic-Christian,there would be a close relationship between art and truth;according to the second,which corresponds to Modernity,art would be autonomous with respect to the truth;and finally,in its form—we could say—ultramodern,there would be a discrepancy between art and truth.Furthermore,I argue that in each of these interpretations of art and philosophy,our relationship with tradition is transformed and,with it,hermeneutics is also transformed into its function of preserving and transmitting said tradition.The main thesis consists in affirming,in the first part of the article,that aesthetics transforms hermeneutics and therefore philosophy itself.In the second,I describe the three different conceptions of philosophy that have occurred in the West and their different conceptions of art.I also argue that tradition must be preserved,but not because it possesses the truth that has to be accepted without any dispute,but because,among other things,following a suggestion from Nietzsche,art defends us from the truth.Here I highlight the tension between the Platonic-Christian tradition and the Greek tradition and I indicate,in the last part of the article,a possible synthesis between the two,distinguishing between symbol and allegory.