钠离子电池无机负极材料的研究进展

Recent progress of inorganic anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

钠离子电池由于资源丰富、成本低廉等优点备受关注,并有望在大规模储能中得到应用.近年来,负极材料作为钠离子电池的关键要素已经取得很多重要进展.负极材料的研究主要集中于无机材料,包括碳材料、合金化材料和钛基材料等.但由于钠离子半径较大、材料的体积变化大和动力学缓慢等问题,使得材料的电化学性能欠佳.目前,通过调控材料结构及其与电解液的匹配效应等手段可有效提升电化学性能.本文系统总结了这几类无机材料的最新研究进展,探讨了目前存在的主要问题及解决策略,并对负极材料的发展进行了展望.

Due to the abundance and low cost of sodium resources, sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) have attracted extensive attention as a promising candidate for grid-scale energy storage. Anode materials determine key characteristics of SIBs,and great progress have been made in recent years. The research of anode materials mainly focuses on inorganic materials, including carbonaceous materials, alloy materials and titanium-based materials. However, the Na ions with large ionic radius usually cause the volume expansion and slow kinetics of anodes, and thus deliver unsatisfied electrochemical performance. Nowadays, the design of material structures and their coupling with suitable electrolytes have been demonstrated as effective strategies to promote the electrochemical property. Herein, we systematically summarize the progress of several kinds of inorganic anode materials, in which the problems and strategies are discussed, and the perspective of anode materials is provided.