中国的绿色转型：进程和展望

CHINA’S GREEN TRANSFORMATION: PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS

改革开放以来,中国经济取得举世瞩目的成就,同时也带来了资源、能源消耗和环境排放的迅速增加。这种以资源、能源和环境质量损耗为代价的经济增长,透支发展质量和效益,形成巨大的环境压力。绿色发展是一项复杂的系统工程和长期任务,涉及经济、产业、科技进步和体制机制等各方面,需要长期付出艰苦不懈的努力。中国推动绿色转型,具有制度优势、后发优势和超大规模经济体优势,以及传统产业绿色技术改造空间大的条件,同时也受到"挤压式"工业化、资源禀赋和能源结构、主要污染物排放进入峰值平台期等多方面制约,仍将面临诸多挑战。今后一个时期,中国仍处在"环境库兹涅茨曲线"1拐点期,必须坚持走绿色发展之路,建设资源节约、环境友好的绿色发展体系,努力形成人与自然和谐发展的现代化建设新格局。

Since the reform and opening up, China has made remarkable economic achievements, and brought about a rapid increase in resources, energy consumption and environmental emissions. This kind of economic growth at the cost of resource, energy and environmental quality is overdrawn development quality and benefit, forming huge environmental pressure. Green development is a complex systematic project and a long-term task, involving economy, industry, scientific and technological progress, institutional mechanisms and other aspects. It will take a long time and hard work. China’s green transformation has the advantage of institution, late developing, super-large economies and large improving space of green technology in traditional industries, but it will still face many challenges due to the constraining of many factors, such as "squeezed" industrialization, resource endowment and energy structure, and peak period of major pollutant emissions. In the certain coming period, China is still at the turning point of "environmental kuznets curve", and we must continue to pursue green development, build a green development system featuring resource conservation and environmental friendliness, and strive to form a new pattern of modernization featuring harmonious development between human and nature.