从情感教育视角审视学校德育课程——基于300所学校德育课程文本的分析

Examining School Moral Education Curriculum from the Perspective of Emotional Education:A Textual Analysis of Moral Education Curriculum based on 300 Schools in Nanjing

情感教育是指对儿童身体、智力、道德审美及精神成长中的情绪与情感品质予以正向指导与培育,学校德育课程是情感教育的重要载体,通过课程系统支持儿童情感、道德发展需要学校的整体规划、设计、组织实施。本研究基于情感教育视角对300所学校德育课程文本分析发现,学校德育课程存在课程理念情感价值模糊、课程实施缺乏对学生情感发展特点与规律的把握、课程内容缺少情感专题设计、课程环境忽视情感性环境营造、课程评价缺少学生情感发展观察与评价指导等问题。建议中小学进一步明确:关注学生情感与心灵的课程理念;明确学生情感发展特征与规律是课程设计与实施的基本依据;系统化中小学情感教育课程;营造与完善学校情感性环境;做好学生情感发展观察与评价。学校多维度、全时空、广路径进行整体营造符合学生需要的情感教育场,发展学生的情感品质,提升学生的情感能力与素养。

Emotional education is to positively guide and nurture the emotion and emotional qualities of children’s physical,intellectual,moral,aesthetic and spiritual growth.School moral education curriculum is an important carrier of emotional education.It is necessary to support children’s emotional and moral development through the overall planning,design,organization and implementation of the curriculum system.This paper clarifies the important value of school moral education curriculum for students’ emotional cognition,emotional skills and social development.Some deficit exist in school moral education curriculum including the fuzzy concept of curriculum,the lack of curriculum implementation,the grasp of the characteristics and laws of students’ emotional development,the lack of emotional theme design,the neglect of emotional environment in curriculum environment,the lack of observation and evaluation guidance of students’ emotional development.It is suggested that primary and secondary schools should pay attention to the curriculum concept of students’ emotions and hearts,and clarify that the characteristics and laws of students’ emotional development are the basis for curriculum design and implementation.Furthermore,develop emotional education courses in primary and secondary schools should be designed systematically and the emotional environment of schools should be created and improved.Emotional development observation and evaluation also should be implemented.The school system has a multi-dimensional,all-time and wide-ranging path to create an emotional education field that meets the needs of students,develop students’ emotional qualities,and enhance students’ emotional ability and quality.