“上帝死了,一切都不被允许”:齐泽克的赛博空间批判

“If There Is No God,Nothing Is Permitted at All”:Zizek on Cyberspace

关于赛博空间及其衍生的虚拟现实的理论探讨已然成为当代媒介理论研究进路中的核心话题。本文旨在系统性地阐释当代哲学家斯拉沃热·齐泽克赛博空间批判理论。与经典的媒介技术决定论者不同的是,齐泽克认为,赛博空间的崛起使得主体身处"大他者退却"的时代,没有发挥"主人"作用的大他者来保障个体的行事规范了。借助拉康的精神分析理论,齐泽克强调,一旦主人的功能衰退,不再有人告知主体所真正欲求的事,那么主体有效的选择也将随之消除,主体承受了曾由大他者代理选择的重担,从而陷入了拉康所言的"上帝死了,一切都不被允许"的深层次的禁锢之中。

Cyberspace and virtual reality are two topical concepts in new media studies. Among diverse discourses, Slavoj ?i?ek’s critique of cyberspace is highly prominent. In constrast to the mainstream technological determinism, ?i?ek argues that the rise of cyberspace initiates an era characterized by "the retreat of big Other," and without the Other that functions as the Master to safeguard the norm for individual’s actions., This ressesion of Master’s function means, as ?i?ek claims in light of Lacanian psychoanalysis, that the subject will not be informed of what should be desired, and the subject is thus deprived of the access to effective choices. The subject now bears the "burden of choice" once born by the Other and falls into grip of what Lacan describes as "If there is no God, nothing is permitted at all."