溶瘤病毒抗肿瘤的研究进展

Progress in anticancer research on oncolytic virus

溶瘤病毒是天然的或经人工改造的能选择性在肿瘤组织中复制,从而杀伤肿瘤细胞,但对正常组织无杀伤作用的一类病毒。除直接杀伤肿瘤细胞外,溶瘤病毒可参与到抗肿瘤免疫的多个阶段,发挥其抗肿瘤活性。2015年,T-Vec(talimogene laherparepvec)成功在美国和欧洲获批标志着溶瘤病毒药物的研发走向成熟。T-Vec上市后,国内外大量的临床试验集中展开,带动了整个溶瘤病毒药物产业的发展,溶瘤病毒药物将成为未来最具有潜力和应用前景的治疗手段之一。本文主要关注目前溶瘤病毒在国内外临床试验的现状及对未来前景的展望。

Oncolytic viruses(OVs) are a class of natural or artificially engineered viruses that preferentially replicate in tumor cells,but are harmless to normal tissues. In addition to directly killing tumor cells,OVs can participate in multiple stages of anti-tumor immunity and exert its anti-tumor activity. Oncolytic viral therapy has been developing into a mature stage since talimogene laherparepvec(T-Vec) was approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration(FDA) and European Medicines Agency(EMA) for melanoma treatment in 2015. After the launch of T-Vec,a large number of clinical trials were carried out worldwide,driving the development of the whole oncolytic virus drug industry. It is expected that oncolytic virus drugs will become one of the most promising therapies in the future. This review described the current state and future prospects of OVs clinical trials in China and abroad.