新型结核病疫苗的临床免疫学研究进展

Progress in clinical immunological research of novel tuberculosis vaccine

结核病(tuberculosis,TB)是由结核分枝杆菌引起的一种免疫相关疾病。卡介苗(BCG)是目前唯一可用的抗结核疫苗,但其对全人群的保护效果备受争议,新型结核病疫苗研究是抗结核行动的关键。疫苗诱导机体产生的免疫应答水平对预测和评估结核病疫苗的作用效果具有重要意义,因此在新型结核病疫苗临床评价过程中,其免疫原性评价至关重要。本文就近年来临床期在研结核病新疫苗主要的免疫学评价方法及其免疫学特性进行综述,为结核病疫苗研究者提供参考。

Tuberculosis(TB),caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex(MTBC),is one of the chronically zoonotic infectious diseases.Currently,BCG is the unique vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis;however,the effective protection for entire populations is highly controversial.The study of novel TB vaccine is a key in prevention of tuberculosis.The levels of immune response after vaccination are important for predicting and evaluating the efficacy of tuberculosis vaccine.Therefore,the immunogenicity analysis is crucial in the clinical evaluation of novel TB vaccines.In this article,the immunological evaluation methods and characteristics of novel TB vaccines in clinical assays were reviewed in order to provide reference to the researchers working in TB vaccine field.