温州市2012-2018年婴儿麻疹发病特征和危险因素分析

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of measles among infants in Wenzhou city, 2012-2018

目的分析温州市2012-2018年婴儿麻疹的发病特征和危险因素。方法利用中国麻疹监测信息系统收集温州市2012-2018年婴儿麻疹发病数据,描述性分析发病特征;选择系统报告的婴儿麻疹病例和匹配非麻疹病例开展病例对照研究,采用多因素Logistic回归分析婴儿麻疹发病的危险因素。结果温州市2012-2018年共报告婴儿麻疹171例(占总病例的52.13%),发病率为21.77/10万。其中0-3月龄、4-7月龄、8-11月龄分别占7.02%、54.97%、38.01%;男女性别比为1.63:1;3-5月份发病占59.76%。Logistic回归分析显示,流动人口(OR=2.17,95%CI:1.45-3.26)、有医院就诊史(OR=1.81,95%CI:1.10-2.99)、无含麻疹成分疫苗(MCV)接种史(OR=2.06,95%CI:1.36-3.12)是婴儿麻疹发病的危险因素。结论温州市2012-2018年婴儿麻疹发病率较高。建议加强婴儿MCV接种、流动人口接种管理、医院感染控制,以降低婴儿麻疹发病。

Objective To determine epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for measles among inf ants in Wenzhou city during 2012-2018.Methods We used the National Measles Surveillance Information System to obtain data on infant measles cases reported in Wenzhou during 2012-2018 and conducted a descriptive analysis.We included all inf ant measles cases and matched non-measles cases in the System in a case-control study design.We used multivariate logistic regression to determine risk factors for infant measles.Results In total,171 infant measles cases(52.13%of all measles cases)were reported in Wenzhou during 2012-2018,yielding an incidence of 21.77 cases per 100000 population.Infants aged 0-3,4-7,and 8-11 months accounted for 7.02%,54.97%,and 38.01%of cases,respectively.The male to female ratio among cases was 1.63:1,and 59.76%of cases occurred f rom March to May.Logistic regression showed that migrant children(OR=2.17,95%CI:1.45-3.26),children who had visited hospitals(OR=1.81,95%CI:1.10-2.99),and children who had not received measles containing vaccine(MCV)(OR=2.06,95%CI:1.36-3.12)were risk factors associated with infant measles.Conclusions The incidence of measles was high among infants of Wenzhou during 2012-2018.To reduce measles among inf ants,we suggest strengthening timely,age-appropriate MCV vaccination,ensuring vaccination of migrant populations,and instituting nosocomial infection control protocols.