地缘政治对蒙古国外交战略选择的影响

The Influence of Geopolitics on Mongolia’s Diplomatic Strategy

地缘因素从内外两个层面深刻地塑造着蒙古国的政治、经济和外交发展进程。从国家层面来说,地缘因素会影响到蒙古国的综合国力;从国际层面来说,地缘因素与国际格局变化结合在一起,对蒙古国的政治体制和外交战略选择及政策实施产生重要影响。蒙古国政治经济体制转型后,其地缘政治困境的核心是如何在与中俄两个邻国的关系中保持平衡,同时与作为“平衡器”的美国等民主国家即“第三邻国”保持密切关系,而实现平衡外交的关键除了地缘国际格局的有利形势外,还在于如何提高综合国力。

The geographical environment profoundly shapes political,economic and diplomatic development of Mongolia,which on the national level influences its comprehensive national strength and on the international level influences its political system and foreign policy decision-making process.Since the transformation of political and economic systems,the core of Mongolia’s geopolitical dilemma has become how to keep balanced between China and Russia,the two neighboring great power,as well as properly handling relations with the United States and other democratic countries as its“third neighbors”.For Mongolia,the key to achieving a well-balanced diplomacy and gaining a favorable position in the geopolitical environment is linked with the way of improving its comprehensive national strength.