江苏省金湖县消除血吸虫病防治策略及效果

Strategy of schistosomiasis elimination and its effects in Jinhu County, Jiangsu Province

目的了解江苏省金湖县在消除血吸虫病进程中的防治策略及效果。方法收集1970–2017年江苏省金湖县血吸虫病防治资料,分析不同防治时期实施的防治策略,并评价实施效果。结果1970–2017年,金湖县血吸虫病防治经历了传播控制、传播阻断、监测与消除3个阶段,实施的防治策略和措施主要包括钉螺控制、传染源控制和健康教育。期间累计开展查螺290691.78 hm^2,发现有螺环境3420.98 hm^2,累计开展灭螺8729.37 hm^2,自2014年起未再发现钉螺。累计开展人群血吸虫病查病525377人·次,发现血吸虫病患者2815例,累计治疗病人2844人·次、扩大化疗977人·次;自1990年后未再发现当地感染的病人。2017年目标人群血防知识知晓率和健康行为正确率较1992年分别提高了54.59%和14.23%。结论金湖县在不同时期实施的血吸虫病综合防治策略均取得了显著效果,推进了血吸虫病消除进程;但今后仍应加强监测,巩固防治成果。

Objective To understand the strategy of schistosomiasis elimination and its effects in Jinhu County,Jiangsu Province.Methods The data of schistosomiasis control in Jinhu County at different stages from 1970 to 2017 were collected and analyzed.Results From 1970 to 2017,there were three stages of schistosomiasis control,including transmission control,transmission interruption,and monitoring and elimination stages in Jinhu County.The main measures included Oncomelania hupensis snail control,infectious source control,and health education.A total of area of 290691.78 hm^2 was detected in Jinhu County,and the area with snails was 3420.98 hm^2.There were 8729.37 hm^2 area with snails was controlled.Since 2014,no O.hupensis snails were found.A total of 525377 person-times were examined for schistosomiasis,with 2815 schistosomiasis patients identified,and 2844 person-times were treated by chemotherapy.In addition,977 cases received the expand chemotherapy.Since1990,no local schistosome-infected persons were found.In 2017,the awareness rate of schistosomiasis control knowledge and the correct rate of health behavior were increased by 54.59%and 14.23%respectively compared with those in 1992.Conclu Conclusions The comprehensive schistosomiasis control measures implemented in Jinhu County at different periods have achieved remarkable outputs and accelerated the schistosomiasis elimination process.However,the precise control measures should be implemented in the future to consolidate the prevention and control achievements.