天津市区中小学和青少年宫空气质量调查

Investigation on air quality of primary,secondary schools and youth palace in the urban of Tianjin

目的了解天津市区中小学和青少年宫空气质量情况,为政府和有关机构完善教学场所空气质量标准提供依据。方法 2017年6-9月,在天津市区随机选择8所小学、8所中学和4所青少年宫,每所学校和少年宫各随机选择5间教室为监测点检测教室内空气中总挥发性有机物(TVOC)、甲醛和苯的浓度。采用Excel 2003和SPSS 17.0进行整理和分析。结果小学和中学教室空气TVOC样品浓度范围分别为0.004~0.588和0.039~0.576 mg/m3,超标率均为0。青少年宫教室空气TVOC样品浓度范围为0.047~0.648 mg/m3,超标率为10.0%。小学、中学和少年宫TVOC浓度超标率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=4.941,P<0.05),两两比较显示超标率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。小学和中学教室空气甲醛样品浓度范围分别为0.002~0.037和0.005~0.103 mg/m3,超标率分别为0和2.5%。青少年宫教室空气甲醛样品浓度范围为0.011~0.104 mg/m3,超标率为5.0%。小学、中学和少年宫甲醛浓度超标率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=2.065,P>0.05)。小学、中学和青少年宫教室空气苯样品浓度范围分别为0.000~0.003、0.000~0.002和0.000~0.002 mg/m3,超标率均为0。结论天津市区的中学和青少年宫的空气中甲醛超标率较高,青少年宫空气中TVOC超标率较高。建议相关部门给予重视,加强对学校和青少年宫等学生密集场所空气质量的监督和检测。

Objective To understand the air quality of primary,secondary schools and youth palace in the urban of Tianjin,and provide basis for the government and relevant institutions to improve the air quality standards of teaching places. Methods From June to September of 2017,8 primary schools,8 secondary schools and 4 youth palaces were randomly selected in the urban of Tianjin. And 5 classrooms were randomly selected from each school and youth palace as monitoring points to detect the concentration of total votatile organic compound(TVOC),formaldehyde and benzene in the air of the classroom. Excel 2003 and SPSS 17.0 were used for data organizing and analyzing. Results The concentration of TVOC samples in primary and secendary school classroom air were 0.004-0.588 and 0.039-0.576 mg/m3,respectively. The exceeding rate were both 0. The concentration of TVOC in the air of youth palace classrooms was 0.047-0.648 mg/m3,and the exceeding rate was 10.0%. There were significant differences in the exceeding rate of TVOC among primary,secondary schools and youth palaces (χ^2=4.941,P<0.05),while compare 3 database one to one,there was no significant difference(P>0.05). The concentration range of formaldehyde samples in primary and secendary school classroom air were 0.002-0.037 and 0.005-0.103 mg/m3,respectively. The exceeding rate were 0 and 2.5%. The concentration range of formaldehyde in the air of youth palace classrooms was 0.011-0.104 mg/m3,and the exceeding rate was5.0%. There was no significant difference in the exceeding rate of formaldehyde concentration in primary,secondary school and youth palace(χ^2=2.065,P>0.05). The concentration ranges of benzene in primary,secondary school and youth palace classrooms were0.000-0.003,0.000-0.002 and 0.000-0.002 mg/m3,respectively. The exceeding standard rate were 0. Conclusion In the urban of Tianjin,the air quality of formaldehyde in secondary schools and youth palace is higher than the standard,and the air quality of TVOC in youth palace is also higher. The relevant departments should pay more attention to strengthen the supervision and testing of air quality in schools,youth palace and other student-intensive places.