基于最小集合覆盖的电商订单拆分及配送方式

E-commerce order splitting and allocation method based on minimal set covering problem

订单履约的效率是影响自营型电商平台运营成本与顾客满意度的一个重要指标。传统的拆单方式会导致订单积压,订单履约效率低下。基于电子商务订单的特性,对订单的拆单方式以及后续的配送路径进行研究,建立了非线性整数规划模型,并采用两阶段法的求解思想,将模型分为覆盖订单部分与路径规划部分,以经典最小集合覆盖思想与改进的蚁群算法的联合方法为模型求解算法,对该模型进行求解分析。算例表明,该模型与算法具有有效性和适用性。

Efficiency of order fulfillment is an important indicator which affects the operation cost of self-owned E-commerce platform and customers’satisfaction.Order backlog and low efficiency of order fulfillment are caused by the traditional order splitting method.Based on the characteristics of E-commerce orders,the research on the method of order splitting and the subsequent delivery path was conducted,and a non-linear integer programming model was established.Based on the solving method of two-stage approach,the model was divided into order covering part and route planning part,and the model was solved by the combination of minimal set covering problem with the improved ant colony algorithm.Finally,the validity and applicability of the model and algorithm were verified by a numerical simulation.