不同性别及年龄正常儿童耳蜗相关径线的比较

Comparison of cochlear-related diameters in normal children of different sexes and ages

目的基于高分辨率CT耳蜗标准方位图像测量正常儿童与人工耳蜗植入相关的耳蜗径线,比较不同性别及年龄正常儿童耳蜗相关径线差异。方法疑诊颞骨骨折或中耳乳突炎行颞骨高分辨率CT检查、耳蜗形态和听力正常儿童200例(400耳),均基于多平面重建、曲面重建技术得到标准方位图像,测量耳蜗底转长径(length of cochlear base,BL)、耳蜗底转宽径(width of cochlear base,BW)、耳蜗高度(cochlear height,CH)、斜轴位蜗神经管宽度(axial cochlear nerve canal,CNCa)、斜矢位蜗神经管宽度(sagittal cochlear nerve canal,CNCs)、耳蜗神经管长度(cochlear length,CL),比较男、女性儿童,年龄≤6岁和>6~14岁儿童以及左、右耳上述指标差异。结果男性耳蜗BL[(8.75±0.21)mm]、BW[(6.31±0.23)mm]、CL[(35.78±2.60)mm]较女性[(8.56±0.20)、(6.09±0.22)、(34.79±1.80)mm]长(P<0.05),CH[(3.73±0.23)mm]、CNCa[(1.93±0.22)mm]、CNCs[(2.00±0.28)mm]与女性[(3.69±0.22)、(1.90±0.19)、(2.00±0.33)mm]比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);年龄≤6岁儿童BL[(8.66±0.23)mm]、BW[(6.20±0.26)mm]、CH[(3.72±0.23)mm]、CNCa[(1.91±0.21)mm]、CNCs[(2.00±0.32)mm]、CL[(35.41±2.20)mm]与>6~14岁儿童[(8.64±0.22)、(6.19±0.24)、(3.70±0.23)、(1.92±0.20)、(2.00±0.30)、(35.18±2.30)mm]比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);左耳BL[(8.66±0.22)mm]、BW[(6.20±0.26)mm]、CH[(3.71±0.22)mm]、CNCa[(1.91±0.20)mm]、CNCs[(2.00±0.31)mm]、CL[(35.28±2.16)mm]与右耳[(8.65±0.22)、(6.19±0.24)、(3.71±0.22)、(1.92±0.21)、(2.00±0.31)、(35.31±2.38)mm]比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论正常儿童耳蜗形态存在性别差异,与年龄无明显关联。

Objective To explore the measurement of cochlear diameters in normal children based on standard orientation image of high resolution CT,and to compare the difference of cochlear diameters in normal children of different sexes and ages.Methods Totally 200 children(400 ears)with suspected temporal bone fracture or otitis media mastoiditis underwent high resolution CT examination of temporal bone,showing normal cochlear morphology and hearing.The measurements were performed on standard orientation images based on multiplanar reconstruction and curve planer reconstruction,including length of cochlear base(BL),width of cochlear base(BW),cochlear height(CH),axial cochlear nerve canal(CNCa),sagittal cochlear nerve canal(CNCs)and cochlear length(CL),which were compared between male and female children,children aged less than 6 years old and children aged 6 to 14 years old,as well as left and right ears.Results The BL((8.75±0.21)mm),BW((6.31±0.23)mm)and CL((35.78±2.60)mm)in male children were significantly longer than those in female children((8.56±0.20),(6.09±0.22),(34.79±1.80)mm)(P<0.05),while CH((3.73±0.23)mm vs.(3.69±0.22)mm),CNCa((1.93±0.22)mm vs.(1.90±0.19)mm)and CNCs((2.00±0.28)mm vs.(2.00±0.33)mm)showed no significant differences between male and female children(P>0.05).BL((8.66±0.23)mm vs.(8.64±0.22)mm),BW((6.20±0.26)mm vs.(6.19±0.24)mm),CH((3.72±0.23)mm vs.(3.70±0.23)mm),CNCa((1.91±0.21)mm vs.(1.92±0.20)mm),CNCs((2.00±0.32)mm vs.(2.00±0.30)mm)and CL((35.41±2.20)mm vs.(35.18±2.30)mm)showed no significant differences between children aged≤6 years and>6 to 14 years(P>0.05).BL((8.66±0.22)mm vs.(8.65±0.22)mm),BW((6.20±0.26)mm vs.(6.19±0.24)mm),CH((3.71±0.22)mm vs.(3.71±0.22)mm),CNCa((1.91±0.20)mm vs.(1.92±0.21)mm),CNCs((2.00±0.31)mm vs.(2.00±0.31)mm)and CL((35.28±2.16)mm vs.(35.31±2.38)mm)between left and right ears(P>0.05).Conclusion Cochlear morphology has a significant difference between male and female children,and shows no correlation with age.