基于专利数据的中国新能源汽车企业技术创新研究

Research on Technological Innovation of New Energy Vehicle Enterprises in China Based on Patent Data

在新一轮技术革命和国际能源供应紧缺的大潮下,新能源汽车已成为全球关注的焦点,如何评价和提升新能源汽车企业的技术创新能力成为学术热点。本文选取中国12家典型的新能源汽车企业,以2003-2019年5336条专利数据为样本,从专利数量、技术分布、创新主体等角度探讨了中国新能源汽车行业技术创新情况。通过构建包含8项子指标的评价体系,综合运用专家打分法和熵权法确定指标权重,并利用密切值法对企业的技术创新能力进行综合评价。研究表明,中国新能源汽车企业技术创新的增长势头强劲,新能源汽车核心技术领域集中,但行业内企业的创新实力差距悬殊,增加中国新能源汽车企业的技术创新能力刻不容缓。

In the new round of technological revolution and the tide of shortage of international energy supply,new energy vehicles have become the focus of global attention.How to evaluate and enhance the technological innovation capability of new energy vehicle enterprises has become an academic hotspot.This paper selects 12typical new energy automobile enterprises in China and takes 5336patent data from 2003to 2019as samples to discuss the technological innovation in China's new energy automobile industry from the perspectives of patent number,technology distribution and innovation subject.By constructing an evaluation system with 8sub-indexes,this paper comprehensively uses expert scoring method and entropy weight method to determine the index weight,and uses osculating value method to comprehensively evaluate the technological innovation capability of enterprises.Research shows that China's new energy automobile enterprises have a strong growth momentum in technological innovation,and the core technical fields of new energy automobiles are concentrated.However,there is a wide gap in the innovation strength of enterprises in the industry.Therefore,it is urgent to increase the technological innovation capability of China's new energy automobile enterprises.