我国蒙医药传统知识惠益分享制度探析

Analysis on Benefit Sharing System of Traditional Knowledge of Mongolian Medicine in China

蒙医药的产生已有2000多年的历史,它是我国除了汉族中医药以外分布和应用范围最为广泛的优秀传统医药文化。然而,在“生物海盗”行为日益猖獗的今天,蒙医药传统知识同样面临着被西方发达国家肆意盗取并从中获利的情况。在现代知识产权体系下,如何保护蒙医药传统知识,本文从国际法入手,通过对《生物多样性公约》和《名古屋议定书》中的惠益分享制度的解读,试图为我国蒙医药传统知识探寻一条公平分享利益之路。

Mongolian medicine has a history of more than 2,000years.It is the most widely distributed and applied excellent traditional medicine culture in China except Han Chinese medicine.However,in today's increasingly rampant"bio-piracy",Mongolian traditional medicine knowledge is also facing the situation that western developed countries are wantonly stealing and profiting from it.Under the modern intellectual property system,how to protect Mongolian traditional medicine knowledge,starting from international law,this paper tries to find a way to share benefits fairly for Chinese Mongolian traditional medicine knowledge by interpreting the benefit sharing system in the Convention on"Biological Diversity"and"Nagoya Protocol".