三维激光点云联合无人机影像的古建筑重建

Ancient building reconstruction based on 3D laser point cloud combined with UAV image

古建筑保护是当下测绘领域的热点研究课题,非接触测量是克服传统方法数字化不足、容易造成"二次破坏"的有力举措。本文以哈尔滨红霞街99号外侨私邸为例,提出了一种将三维激光扫描技术和无人机航测技术相结合进行古建筑重建的研究方案。基于三维激光扫描仪和无人机获取的古建筑内外点云数据和影像数据,利用点云数据生成正射影像并绘制平、立、剖面图,创建三维模型,最后以实地量取的建筑物尺寸数据为参考分析得出图纸和模型误差。结果表明:利用三维激光点云联合无人机影像能够高效地进行建筑图纸恢复,创建高精度精细化的三维模型,为古建筑保护提供了一种全新的思路。

The protection of ancient buildings is a hot research topic in the field of surveying and mapping. Non-contact measurement is a powerful measure to overcome the lack of digitalization of traditional methods and easily cause"secondary damage". Taking the aliens of No. 99 Hongxia street in Harbin as an example,this paper proposes a research project of combining 3 D laser scanning technology with UAV aerial survey technology to reconstruct ancient buildings. Based on the point cloud data and image data of the ancient building acquired by the 3 D laser scanner and the drone,the point cloud data is used to generate the orthophoto image and the flat,vertical,and sectional images are created,and the 3 D model is created,and finally the building is measured in the field. Dimensional data is a reference analysis that yields drawing and model errors. The results show that the 3 D laser point cloud combined with the UAV image can efficiently restore the architectural drawings and create a high-precision and refined 3 D model,which provides a new thinking mode for the protection of ancient buildings.